National fishing ports have traditionally served as key hubs for supporting fisheries activities within the fishing village economy. However, in the modern era, there is a growing demand for tourism and recreational functions, necessitating the diversification of fishing port functions. As a result, the systematic classification of national fishing port functions and the analysis of factors influencing these functions have emerged as critical tasks. This study aims to classify the functions of national fishing ports and empirically analyze the key factors affecting each function. Through this, the study seeks to propose strategies for maximizing port functionality and contributing to the development of fishing village economies and local communities. Data from 115 national fishing ports, based on 2021 data, were collected and empirically analyzed. The analysis identified five functional types of national fishing ports: basic fisheries type, economic promotion type, tourism-specialized type, vulnerable type, and multipurpose type. Additionally, multiple regression analysis revealed key factors influencing fisheries and tourism functions, such as the number of intermediate wholesalers, tourism revenue, number of accommodations, and port usage area, all of which were found to have significant impacts on fisheries and tourism functions. This study provides a foundation for identifying specific factors required for the multifunctional development of national fishing ports and offers essential insights for developing tailored strategies for each port type. In particular, the study highlights the need for customized development strategies for vulnerable ports as a critical area for future consideration.